Municipal heraldry studies the characteristics and history of coats of arms and heraldic compositions used by town councils and local entities as graphic symbols to express their identity. These symbols are used in exhibitions, protocolary acts, and to ornament public buildings through heraldic words or honorary medals. They are also used to validate official documents and writings.

The adoption of heraldic emblems by town councils in Spain dates back to the Middle Ages, similar to other Western countries. However, during the 19th century, it declined, along with heraldry itself.